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Caves of the Velencei Mountains
The comparatively small 80 km2 Velencei Mountain range is a small part of the Trans-Danubien Mountains between Velencei Lake and the Vértes Mountains. The mountains have low, wide valleys which have been heavily dissected, and have a gently undulating peneplain.
They are composed of Carboniferous granite, which is frequently penetrated by aplite, graniteporphry and quartzite dykes. In the eastern area andesite agglomerate appears, showing hydrothermal decomposition.
In the Velencei Mountains 34 natural non- karstic caves were found, and two artificial cavites, called a cave, is listed.
Szedres Cave and Hasadék Cave are tectonic caves in the andesite cliffs of Mount Zsidó near Pázmánd. Endrina Cave, Maléza Cave and other five small caves are pseudocaves which were formed amongst the boulders of the above mentioned location.
The "Likas -kõ" was formed in quartzite due to rock fragmentation. This cave has been described as long ago as 1295.
Nine caves are the result of weathering in the huge granite boulders. The most spectacular is the granite cliff of the so called "Pandur-kõ". There are five caves, Kis Cave, Zsivány Cave, Teraszos Cave, Osztott Cave and Háromszájú Cave. The 3,3 m long Polák-hegyi Pseudocave is also listed.
The 60.3 m long, artificial Báracházi Cave was excavated in loess.
The largest natural caves are:
|
1. |
Zsivány Cave |
Granite |
Pákozd |
14,5 |
/+4,2 m |
|
2. |
Maléza Cave |
Andesite agglomerate |
Pázmánd |
10,3 |
/+1 m |
The total length of the 34 natural caves is 130 m. The two artificial caves are71 m long.
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